RachelMittl

 **__The Articles of Confederation vs. The Constitution__** **//Contrasted...//** ||< ** Artices of Confederation ** ||< ** Constitution ** || ||<  Congress has right to levy taxes on individuals || ||< No system of federal courts ||< Court has right to levy taxes on individuals || ||< No provision to regulate interstate trade ||< Congress has right to regulate trade between states || ||< No executive with power. President of U.S. merely presided over congress ||< Executive branch headed by President who chooses Cabinet and has checks on power of judiciary and legislature || document ||< 13/13 needed to amend Articles ||< 2/3 of both houses of Congress plus 3/4 of state legislatures or national convention || of State ||< Each state received 1 vote regardless of size ||< Upper house (Senate) with 2 votes; lower house (House of Representatives) based on population || ||< <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Congress could not draft troops, dependent on states to contribute forces ||< <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Congress can raise an army to deal with military situations || commerce ||< <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">No control of trade between states ||< <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Interstate commerce controlled by Congress || states ||< <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Complicated system of arbitration ||< <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Federal court system to handle disputes || ||< <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Sovereignty resides in states ||< <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Constitution the supreme law of the land || ||< <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">9/13 needed to approve legislation ||< <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">50% +1 of both houses plus signature of President || || <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Unicameral || <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Bicameral (House of Representatives and Senate) || || <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Between 2 and 7 members per state || <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">2 Senators per state Representatives apportioned according to population of each state || || <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">1 vote per state || <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">1 vote per Representative or Senator || members || <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">All appointed by state legislatures || <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Representatives elected by popular vote Senators appointed by state legislatures || legislative office || <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">1 year || <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">2 years - Representatives 6 years - Senators || || <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Paid by states || <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Paid by the federal government || || <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">President of Congress || <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Speaker of the House of Representatives || || <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Admitted upon agree ment of 9 states || <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Admitted upon agreement of Congress || || <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">When agreed upon by all states || <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">When agreed upon by 3/4 of all states || Coin Money || <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">United States and the states || <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">United States only || || <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Unanimous consent required || <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Consent of 9 states required ||
 * < <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">
 * < <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;"> L evying Taxes   ||< <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">  Congress could request states to pay taxes
 * < <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Federal Courts
 * < <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Regulation of trade
 * < <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Executive
 * < <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Amending
 * < <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Representation
 * < <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Raising an army
 * < <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Interstate
 * < <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Disputes between
 * < <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Sovereignty
 * < <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Passing laws
 * <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Legislature
 * <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Members of Congress
 * <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Voting in Congress
 * <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Appointment of
 * <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Term of
 * <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Congressional Pay
 * <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Chair of Legislature
 * <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">New States
 * <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Amendment
 * <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Power to
 * <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ratification

<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">**//and Compared...//**
 * <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Establised by the same people
 * <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Congress has legislative/lawmaking power
 * <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Send and recieve ambassadors
 * <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Governments powered to negotiate treaties with other nations
 * <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Raise and equip an army and navy
 * <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Establish a post office

http://home.earthlink.net/~gfeldmeth/chart.art.html http://usconstitution.net/constconart.html
 * Useful Websites**:

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: center;">**__<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;">Various Plans and Compromises of the Constitution __** <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif;"> //The Virginia Plan//
 * Plans:**
 * 3 seperate brances: legislative, executive, and judicial
 * Congress - bicameral
 * Representation in each house based on State's population or amount of money the State gave for the support of the central government
 * Members of lower house (House of Representatives) - popularly elected in each State
 * Members of upper house (Senate) - chosen by the House from lists of persons nominated by the State legislatures
 * Congress given all of the powers it held under the Articles
 * Congress given the power to veto any State law in conflict with national law & to use force if necessary to make State obey national law
 * Council of revision
 * National Executive
 * National Judiciary
 * All State officers should take an oath to support the Union
 * Creation of a new constitution by thoroughly revising the Articles

//The New Jersey Plan//
 * Congress - unicameral
 * Each State equally represented
 * Added to Congress's already existing powers
 * closely limited powers to tax and to regulate trade between the States
 * Federal executive of more than 1 person
 * chosen by Congress
 * removed by Congress at the request of a majority of the States' governors

//The Connecticut Compromise//
 * Compromises:**
 * Congress composed of 2 houses
 * Senate: smaller, the States would be represented equally
 * House: larger, the States would be represented based upon its population
 * Combined basic features of both the Virginia and New Jersey Plans
 * Also known as the Great Compromise

//The Three-Fifths Compromise//
 * All free people should be counted as well as 3/5 of all other people
 * Southerners could count their slaves but they would have to pay for them

//The Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise//
 * Congress forbidden the power to tax the export of goods from any State
 * Congress forbidden the power to act on the slave trade for a period of at least 20 years