Reconstuction+5+Alex,+Josh,+Tony


 * __The 3 Plans for Reconstruction__ **

__Lincoln's Reconstruction Plan__


 * Ten percent plan for reconstruction
 * If offered a pardon, an official forgiveness of a crime, to any confederate who would take an oath of allegiance to union an d accept federal policy on slavery
 * It denied pardons to all confederate military and government officials and to southerners who had killed african american war prisoners
 * It permitted each state constitution only after ten percent of voters in the state had sworn allegiance to the union
 * States could then hold elections and have full participation in the union
 * Lincoln's plan did not require a new constitution

__Johnson's Reconstruction Plan__
 * Presidential reconstruction plan
 * Pardoned southerners who swore allegiance to the union
 * It permitted each state to hold a constitutional convention without Lincoln's ten percent allegiance requirement
 * States were not required to void secession, abolish slavery, and repudiate to confederate debt
 * States could then hold elections and rejoin the union
 * Reflected the spirit on Lincoln's ten percent plan

__Radical Reconstruction__
 * Congressional republicans who drafted the fourteenth amendment consisted of two major groups
 * Radical republicans, small in number but increasingly influential
 * Moderates, someone who supports the mainstream views
 * Both groups oppose Johnson's reconstruction policies, spread of black codes
 * Favored expansion of republican party in the south


 * __Impeachment of Andrew Johnson__ **
 * On February 24, 1868 the house discussed having Andrew Johnson impeached
 * the vote was 126 to 47
 * The vote took place on May 16, 1868
 * Impeach: to charge with wrongdoing in office
 * The house drafted two articles of impeachment
 * Johnson was the first president of the U.S. to be impeached
 * Chief Justan Salomon P. Chase presided over the proceedings

__**Changes in the South**__
 * The thirteenth amendment which ended slavery
 * Southern plantation owners couldn't find people to perform the labor that slaves did
 * Plantation wages were 50 cents a day
 * Women earned about 6 cents a day
 * Sharecropping - Most common new farming arrangement
 * A family would farm a plantation owners land for a share of the harvest
 * Tenent farming - Family's rented land from owners to farm
 * The south had to import most of its goods
 * Merchants grew very popular
 * By 1880, the south had more than 8,000 stores
 * About 33,000 miles of new railroad was laid
 * the value of cotton went up from 713,000 in 1860 to 3,000,000 in 1880
 * Infrastructure - The public property and services that a society uses
 * This included roads, bridges, canals, railroads, and telegraph lines
 * This added 130 million to southern debt

__**3 Civil War amendments**__
 * 13th amendment that abolished and prohibited slavery.
 * Lincoln was worried that the Emancipation Proclamation would be viewed as a temporary change only not permanent.
 * The 13th amendment was added to the constitution on December 6th 1865
 * The 14th amendment was a civil rights act that outlawed slave codes.
 * Johnson later vetoed the act
 * Johnson then put an end to the plan for reconstruction.
 * It was proposed on June 13th 1866 but then ratified on july 9th 1868
 * It was intended to ensure the rights or former slaves
 * The 15th ammendment was that free men or former slaves demanded to have citizenship
 * They wanted the right to vote, hold office positions, and testify in court.
 * By 1869 no citizen would be denied equal rights

__**Life For African Americans During Reconstruction**__
 * Life for Africans still continued to be hard and rough during reconstruction
 * African Americans still faced discrimination and racism
 * They struggled to fit in, in American society.
 * As interest in reconstruction decreased it left africans vulnerable to discrimination, segregation, and violence.

__**Reasons For Reconstructions End**__
 * Southerners still opposed norths ideas on slavery.
 * Economic Depression occurred in 1873
 * Fast changes in Political power,
 * North was tired of opposing souths radicalism.
 * Persistence of racism and Ku Klux Klan
 * Removal of federal troops in the south.