Confederation+vs.+Constitution

http://home.earthlink.net/~gfeldmeth/chart.art.html
 * || **Articles of Confederation** || **Constitution** ||
 * Levying taxes || Congress could request states to pay taxes || Congress has right to levy taxes on individuals ||
 * Federal courts || No system of federal courts || Court system created to deal with issues between citizens, states ||
 * Regulation of trade || No provision to regulate interstate trade || Congress has right to regulate trade between states ||
 * Executive || No executive with power. President of U.S. merely presided over Congress || Executive branch headed by President who chooses Cabinet and has checks on power of judiciary and legislature ||
 * Amending document || 13/13 needed to amend Articles || 2/3 of both houses of Congress plus 3/4 of state legislatures or national convention ||
 * Representation of states || Each state received 1 vote regardless of size || Upper house (Senate) with 2 votes; lower house (House of Representatives) based on population ||
 * Raising an army || Congress could not draft troops, dependent on states to contribute forces || Congress can raise an army to deal with military situations ||
 * Interstate commerce || No control of trade between states || Interstate commerce controlled by Congress ||
 * Disputes between states || Complicated system of arbitration || Federal court system to handle disputes ||
 * Sovereignty || Sovereignty resides in states || Constitution the supreme law of the land ||
 * Passing laws || 9/13 needed to approve legislation || 50%+1 of both houses plus signature of President ||


 * Virginia Plan- written in 1787, written by James Madison. Was the cornerstone of the U.S. Constitution. Describes two houses, one with people elected for three years, the other seven.

New Jersey Plan- reflected the belief that states were independent. Rejected for the Virginia Plan.

Albany Plan- proposed by Ben Franklin. An attempt to unite the colonies. Failed to the Virginia Plan.

Connecticut Compromise- passed after eleven days of debate. agreement between large and small states. Happened during Philadelphia Convention of 1787.

Three Fifths Compromise- compromise between northern and southern states. Discussed that three fifths of all slaves for taxes.

Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise-** **An agreement during the Constitutional Convention of 1787 protecting the interests of slaveholders by forbidding Congress the power to tax the export of goods from any State, and, for 20 years, the power to act on the slave trade.**