3+plans+of+Reconstruction+9

Before the war ended, President Lincoln started the task of starting all over again. He wanted to build a strong Republican party in the South and end the the upset feelings of the engendered by the war. In December of 1863, a proclamation of amnesty, a reconstruction for those areas of the Confederacy who would swear for forgiveness with defiant exceptions for any Confederate who promised to support the constitution and the union. Once a group in any finished state, equal in number. One tenth of that's states total vote in the election of 1860 would take the recommended oath and recognized a government that stopped slavery, he would give the government executive recognition.
 * 3 plans for reconstruction**
 * __Lincoln's plan__**

Lincolns plan made the radicals in congress mad, who thought it would restore the power to the old planter. They passed the Wade-Davis Bill, which required 50% of of the state's men voters to take an "ironclad" deal that they had never voluntarily help the confederacy. Lincoln's pocket veto kept that Wade-Davis Bill from becoming law, and he came up with his own plan. By the end of the war it had been tested, not to successfully, in Louisiana. Arkansas, Tennessee, and Virginia. Congress, however, refused to seat the senators and people elected from those states, and by that time of Lincoln's assassination the president and congress were at a agreement.


 * __Radical Republicans__**

During the Reconstruction, radical republicans definitely took control, led by Sumner and Stevens. They demanded harsher measures in the south, and more protection for the free men,and more guarantees that the Confederate nationalism was totally eliminated. Following Lincoln's assassination in 1865,Andrew Johnson War Democrat, became a president.

Lincoln's successor, Andrew Johnson, at first pleased the radicals by attacking the planter aristocracy and insisting that the rebellion must be punished. His amnesty proclamation (May 29, 1865) was more harsh than Lincoln's; it deprived all former military and civil officers of the Confederacy and all those who owned property worth $20,000 or more and made their properties able to seize. The obvious intent was to shift political control in the South from the old planter aristocracy to the small farmers and artisans, and it promised to accomplish a revolution in Southern society.
 * __Johnson's Plan__**

With Congress in postpone from April to Dec., 1865, Johnson put his plan into operation. Under provisional governors appointed by him, the Southern states held conventions that voided or repealed their order of secession, stopped slavery, and repudiated Confederate debts. Their newly elected legislatures ratified the Thirteenth Amendment guaranteeing freedom for blacks. By the end of 1865 every ex-Confederate state except Texas had reestablished civil government.

The control of white over black, however, seemed to be restored, as each of the newly elected state legislatures enacted statutes Ashly limiting the freedom and rights of the blacks. These laws, known as black codes, restricted the ability of blacks to own land and to work as free workers and denied them most of the civil and political rights enjoyed by whites. Many of the offices in the new governments,addition, were won by depriving Confederate leaders, and the President, rather than ordering new elections, granted pardons on a large scale.